Family structure plays a significant role in shaping a child’s opportunities, social skills and academic trajectory. While both single-parent and two-parent households can raise successful children, research and experience show family dynamics can influence a student’s path in several key ways.
Children raised in two-parent homes often benefit from a broader support system. With two adults at home, students typically have more help with homework, projects and extracurricular activities. This dual support can translate into better academic performance and higher graduation rates. Research consistently shows children from two-parent homes are more likely to graduate from high school, enroll in college and earn a degree.
Beyond academics, the presence of two parents can foster stronger social skills. Often, one parent may be more outgoing or socially engaged, helping children develop interpersonal abilities that serve them well in school and beyond. Additionally, two-parent households generally have more financial resources, allowing for greater access to educational tools, enrichment programs and stability-factors that are closely linked to student success.
There is also evidence that children from two-parent families are more likely to marry as adults, perhaps influenced by the stable partnership they observed at home. Studies have found that parental involvement, especially from fathers, is linked to better grades and a greater enjoyment of school.
Children from single-parent families face unique challenges. With one parent shouldering all responsibilities, there is often less time and fewer resources available for academic support. Single parents may be working multiple jobs or managing household needs alone, which can limit their ability to assist with schoolwork or attend school events. As a result, these children may need additional support from teachers, counselors, or mentors.
Despite these challenges, many children from single-parent homes thrive academically and socially. With determination and strong support from their parents or extended family, they can achieve remarkable success. Research indicates that while single parenthood is associated with some academic risks, it does not necessarily determine a child’s future-especially when parents are highly educated or have access to supportive community resources.
Lise Kloeppel, Chair & Associate Professor of Drama, reflected on the impact of family life in her classroom.
“As a teacher, I see every day how a student’s family life can make a difference in their learning and overall success. Some kids live with two parents, while others live with just one. Both types of families can raise amazing kids, but there are some differences that can affect how students do in school,” she said.
Kloeppel said children from two-parent homes often have more help and resources, making it easier to focus on learning. In contrast, students from single-parent families may need extra encouragement and support from teachers and peers. Emotional stability is another factor – children with two parents may feel more secure, while those in single-parent households might experience more stress due to financial or time constraints.
Ultimately, Kloeppel said family structure is just one piece of the puzzle.
“Even though family life can make a difference, it’s not the only thing that matters. I’ve seen plenty of kids from single-parent homes do amazing things because they work hard and have strong support from their parents or other people who care about them. As a teacher, my job is to help every student succeed, no matter where they come from.”
